A Study on the Correlation between Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels and Early Onset Severe Preeclampsia

LU Yingying; LI Xiongying; HU Chun; YING Jingxia; XU Bingfan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7185.2025.04.023

Abstract：Objective To explore the correlation between maternal serum vitamin D levels and early onset severe preeclampsia(EOSPE).Method Two hundred and eighty-three pregnant women who underwent regular prenatal checkups and inpatient deliveries at Yongkang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2021 to July 2023 were selected as the study population.All pregnant women underwent serum vitamin D testing and were divided into an adequate group(41 cases),an insufficient group(126 cases),and a deficient group(116 cases)based on their serum vitamin D levels during early pregnancy.The baseline data of pregnant women,the incidence of EOSPE and the incidence rate of preeclampsia(SPE)in each group were compared.The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between vitamin D and the occurrence of EOSPE.Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of EOSPE.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to test the predictive value.Results The levels of vitamin D during early and late pregnancy were negatively correlated with the occurrence of EOSPE(P<0.05).The vitamin D levels of pregnant women in the EOSPE group during early and late pregnancy were lower than those in the non EOSPE group(P<0.05).Logistics regression analysis showed that low level of vitamin D in early pregnancy was related factors for the occurrence of EOSPE.ROC curve analysis shows that the area under the curve of vitamin D in early pregnancy was 0.855,the sensitivity was 0.800,the specificity was 0.821,and the Youden index was 0.621.The EOSPE and total incidence rate of the deficient group were higher than those of the sufficient group and the deficient group(P<0.05).Conclusion Maternal vitamin D level is closely related to the onset of EOSPE.When vitamin D levels is low,the risk of EOSPE onset increases.Therefore,this indicator has practical value in predicting whether EOSPE will occur.