Treatment strategies for distant metastatic thyroid cancer in the era of target and immune therapy
CHEN Jia-ying
WANG Yu
Abstract：Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor.Patients with advanced thyroid cancer cannot be cured by surgery,are refractory to iodine treatment,and are insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The prognosis of patients is poor with ineffective therapies,and most of the annual deaths are among these patients.The in-depth understanding of tumor molecular biology and the discovery of driver genes have led to the rapid development of precision treatment of distant metastatic thyroid cancer.Driver genes are the fundamental driving factors for the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer.The discovery of gene mutations such as BRAF,TERT,and RET fusions for guides efficient and precise treatment of patients with advanced DTC,PTDC,MTC,and ATC.At the same time,related targeted and immune drugs are also booming,and the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer has entered the era of targeted therapy.Currently,multiple multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors and highly selective inhibitors are approved for the treatment of advanced and metastatic thyroid cancer.Treatment with PD-1/L1 inhibitors is also being explored in specific pathological types of thyroid cancer.In clinical practice,it is necessary to rationally select medication practices and strategies based on the patient's disease development,pathology,and molecular characteristics to improve advanced patients'survival rate and quality of life.
Keywords：thyroid cancerdistant metastasistarget therapyimmunotherapy
Publication Date：2024-06-01
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 657-664 )