Value of maternal age and fasting blood glucose levels of early pregnancy in prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus

JIANG Yan; LI Guang-hui; LIU Xiao-wei

doi:10.19538/j.fk2018020113

Abstract：Objective To investigate the value of maternal age and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels during early pregnancy in prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods Data of 2711 pregnant women who accepted prenatal care in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January,2014 to December,2014 were collected.According to the age of the pregnant women in childbirth they were divided into elderly group (35 or older) (354 cases) and young groups(＜35 years old)(2357 cases);according to the level of FPG in early pregnancy they were divided into FPG anomaly group (FPG≥5.1mmol/L) (718 cases) and FPG normal group (FPG＜5.1mmol/L) (1993 cases);retrospectively compare the incidence of GDM,the differences of FPG in each groups,and analyse the relationship of age and FPG during early pregnancy with GDM.Results The incidence of GDM on the whole was 17.78％;it was 29.94％ in elderly group,and 32.17％ in FPG anomaly group,which was higher than 15.95％ in young group and 12.59％ in FPG normal group respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The average value of FPG in elderly group was (4.926±0.378)mmol/L,which was significantly higher than (4.863±0.412)mmol/L in young group(P ＜ 0.05).According to levels of FPG in early pregnancy,the research objects were divided into 6 groups,each rising tendency for 0.5 mmol/L.With the rising of the FPG,the incidence of GDM increased significantly.In elderly group,when early FPG≥5.1mmol/L,the incidence of GDM was 45.61％,higher than that in young group (29.88％,P ＜ 0.05).Elderly group presented an association with increased risk of GDM compared with the young group (OR=2.119).In young and elderly group,the risk of GDM in FPG anomaly group was 3.777 times (0R=3.377)and 2.601times (OR=2.601) of that in FPG normal group (P＜0.001).Conclusion Advanced maternal age and abnormal FPG in early pregnancy are high risk factors of GDM.The incidence of GDM is significantly increased especially when the level of FPG exceeds 5.1 mmol/L.