Progress in diagnosis and treatment of hyperkalemia in infants with urinary tract infection
KANG Yu-lin
Abstract：Hyperkalemia is a rare but serious complication of urinary tract infection(UTI)in infants.Its common causes include secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism(PHA)and medication(such as sulfamethoxazole).Secondary PHA(sPHA)is a complication of UTI which is most often overlooked,and it is more common in children under 6 months old with urinary tract infections or(and)urinary tract malformations.sPHA is more common in boys than in girls.The clinical manifestations are non-specific,including difficulty in feeding,decreased water intake,vomiting,diarrhea and growth retardation,and hypovolemia,seizures and even cardiac arrest may occur in some patients.Laboratory tests reveal hyponatremia,hyperkalemia,metabolic acidosis,reduced urinary potassium,increased urinary sodium,hyperaldosterone and renin activity.sPHA should be differentiated from congenital and acquired aldosteronism(such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia)in clinical practice.Children with PHA secondary to urinary tract infection or(and)malformation have good prognosis if they can be diagnosed early and treated in time with sodium supplementation,antibiotic treatment or surgical intervention.
Keywords：hyperkalemiahyponatremiaurinary tract infectionpseudohypoaldosteronism
Publication Date：2025-01-05
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 41-45 )