Value of serum FOXO1 and SMAD2 levels in the prognostic assessment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage
TANG Mao-yuan
CHEN Min-ruo
HE Jun
Abstract：Objective To investigate the value of serum levels of Forkhead box transcription factor O subfamily protein 1(FOXO1)and SMAD family member 2(SMAD2)in the prognostic assessment of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).Methods From January 2022 to December 2022,204 patients with HICH(HICH group)were prospectively recruited,and another 204 hypertensive patients without intracerebral hemorrhage during the same period were recruited as the control group.Serum levels of FOXO1 and SMAD2 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Three months after onset,prognosis was assessed according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)score,where a score of 1～3 indicated poor prognosis and a score of 4～5 indicated good prognosis.Results Compared with the control group,the HICH group had significantly lower serum FOXO1 levels(P<0.05)and significantly higher SMAD2 levels(P<0.05).Among the 204 HICH patients,133 had a good prognosis and 71 had a poor prognosis at three months post-onset.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum SMAD2 level was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in HICH patients(OR=5.209,95%CI 1.891～14.349,P=0.001),while an elevated serum FOXO1 level was a protective factor against poor prognosis(OR=0.216,95%CI 0.087～0.535,P=0.001).ROC curve analysis revealed that FOXO1≤11.287 ng/mL and SMAD2≥37.172 μg/L had certain predictive value for the prognosis of HICH patients at three months post-onset,and their combined prediction yielded better results[area under the curve(AUC)=0.866(95%CI 0.815～0.917),sensitivity 78.90%,specificity 80.50%].Conclusion Serum FOXO1 levels are significantly decreased and SMAD2 levels are significantly increased in HICH patients.The combined detection of both markers holds high clinical value for the prognostic assessment of HICH.
Keywords：Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhageSerumForkhead box transcription factor O1(FOXO1)SMAD family member 2(SMAD2)Prognosis
Publication Date：2025-07-25
Online Publishing Date：2025-09-28(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 419-424 )