Research progress on event-related potentials in cognitive dysfunction following mild traumatic brain injury

ZHOU Yang; ZHANG Hao-ran; WANG Shuo-chen; LIU Li-zhi; WU Peng; SONG Jian; XU Guo-zheng

doi:10.13798/j.issn.1009-153X.2024.12.011

Abstract：Mild traumatic brain injury is the most common type of traumatic brain injury,accounting for approximately 80%of all brain injuries.Due to its mild symptoms,it is prone to be overlooked by both patients and physicians.Although mild traumatic brain injury causes only minor damage to the brain,its detrimental effects on cognitive function can be persistent.Traditional imaging modalities such as CT and MRI have relatively low sensitivity in detecting the minute injuries of mild traumatic brain injury,while neuropsychological tests are highly variable and influenced by subjective factors of the patients.Event-related potentials(ERP),which record the time-locked electrical activity of the brain in response to specific events such as stimuli or tasks through electroencephalography,represent a non-invasive brain function assessment method with high temporal resolution.ERP can monitor the dynamic information processing of the brain at the millisecond level,and objective neuroelectrophysiological indicators such as amplitude and latency can sensitively reflect the degree of cognitive impairment.ERP can detect early cognitive impairments that may not be manifested in mild traumatic brain injury,such as minor abnormalities in attention,memory,or executive function.Meanwhile,approaches such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging have offered a completely new perspective for exploring the neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction induced by mTBI.This paper presents a review of the application advancements of common assessment techniques for cognitive dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury and explores new strategies for evaluating the cognitive dysfunction of mild traumatic brain injury.