New progress and prospect of dust control theory and technology in coal mines

WANG Hetang; XU Chaohang; ZHU Xiaolong; ZHU Jintuo; ZHOU Wendong; GAN Jian; WEI Xiaobin

doi:10.13247/j.cnki.jcumt.20250439

Abstract：Dust generated by coal mining activities not only seriously threatens the occupational health of workers,but also causes environmental pollution and restricts the construction of smart mines.Dust prevention and control is a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed for safe,green,and intelligent mining in coal mines.Based on the concept of the whole life cycle,this paper constructs a theoretical framework and technical system of coal mine dust prevention and control covering six aspects:"dust generation-dust reduction-dust suppression-dust mitigation-dust re-moval-dust prevention".Based on a summary of the generation mechanism,influencing mecha-nism and diffusion law of mine dust,the research achievements of water injection for dust reduc-tion,foam for dust suppression,spray for dust reduction,ventilation for dust removal and personal protection theory and technology are expounded.Regarding water injection for dust reduction,the study focuses on analyzing the influence mechanisms of coal's physicochemical properties,pore wa-ter pressure,and hydraulic coupling effects on coal body seepage characteristics.It outlines techni-cal pathways to enhance water injection dust reduction efficacy through modifying coal properties and injecting modified fluids,while summarizing the application progress of this technology.Re-garding foam for dust suppression,this section reviews the principles of foam dust suppression alongside research advances and application in developing dust-suppressing foaming agents,foam preparation and spraying techniques.Regarding spray for dust reduction,it explores the latest find-ings on dust-capture theories involving the coupled action of dust particles and mist droplets,while outlining the development trends and current application status of spray for dust reduction technol-ogy.In the field of ventilation for dust removal,the technical advancements and practical outcomes of air curtains,wet dust collectors and dry dust collectors have been summarized.Regarding per-sonal protection,the dust filtering performance and mechanism of different filter materials are ex-plained,the classification and selection principles for individual dust respirators are defined,and the current domestic and international evaluation standards of individual dust respirators are com-pared.Finally,the key research areas and future development directions are proposed,aiming to provide useful references for promoting the technological progress of coal mine dust prevention and control.