Geological support for coordinated exploitation and damage reduction of carbon-based resources in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin

WANG Shuangming; GENG Jishi; SUN Qiang; HOU Enke; YUAN Shihao; WANG Shengquan; WEI Jiangbo; SHI Qingmin; ZHANG Weiqiang; LIU Yabin; LYU Pengrui

doi:10.13247/j.cnki.jcumt.20250096

Abstract：The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin serve as a significant energy resource enrichment zone in China,possessing substantial reserves of carbon-based resources such as coal,oil,and natural gas.With the sustained growth of China's energy demand and the progressive depletion of resources in traditional energy production areas in the eastern re-gion,this area has evolved into a pivotal strategic zone for safeguarding national energy securi-ty.Currently,the intensifying contradiction between large-scale,high-intensity,and pro-longed mining activities and the region's complex and fragile ecological environment has signifi-cantly constrained the secure exploitation of carbon-based resources and the sustainable devel-opment of the regional economy and society.Focusing on the synergistic evolution mechanisms and damage effects of geological structure-hydrological cycle-ecological environment during re-source exploitation,and based on the concept of systems science,this study proposes the sci-entific connotation,key issues,and research framework for geological support of coordinated exploitation of superimposed carbon-based resources at the basin scale.The main contents are as follows.Conduct systematic study the spatial distribution patterns and coupling relation-ships between carbon-based resources(including coal and coal series resources,oil and gas re-sources,and biomass)and eco-environmental-hydrogeological systems at the basin scale.Clar-ify the baseline characteristics of pre-exploitation geological conditions and multi-sphere(such as atmosphere,hydrosphere,and biosphere)structural elements.Analyze the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of geological conditions and the dynamic response characteristics of multi-sphere structure-function during superimposed resource exploitation.Reveal the feedback mechanisms among geological occurrence conditions,resource exploitation disturbances,and eco-environmental damage.Investigate the spatiotemporal multi-source information fusion and active-passive collaborative monitoring methods for deep-shallow-surface geological structures and extract multi-dimensional dynamic information on geological structures,hydrological cycle processes,and ecological elements under resource development disturbances.Construct a ba-sin-scale multi-sphere structure-function coupling evolution model,develop an intelligent pre-diction and comprehensive evaluation platform,and achieve whole-process dynamic monitoring and trend prediction of the synergistic evolution of geological-hydrological-ecological multi-sys-tems during superimposed carbon-based resource exploitation.Propose an optimized allocation strategy for coordinated development of oil-gas,coal,and biomass resources based on the geo-logical occurrence characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of superimposed carbon-based resources at the basin scale.Develop damage mitigation engineering technologies that harmonize resource exploitation with basin hydro-ecological environments.Construct a large-scale,diversified,and functional comprehensive utilization model for underground spaces crea-ted by resource exploitation.Establish a full life-cycle geological support and damage mitiga-tion strategy with corresponding engineering technology systems,encompassing the"pre-ex-ploitation,during-exploitation,and post-exploitation"phases.The research can provide scien-tific guidance for secure and efficient resource extraction,thereby supporting the implementa-tion of the national strategy for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin.