Progress,challenges,and prospects of hydrogen production technologies and CO2 reduction and utilization with"green hydrogen"under the"carbon neutrality"strategy
HUA Kaimin
JI Xuanyu
CHEN Zhiqiang
SANG Shuxun
Abstract：The over-reliance of humanity on fossil fuels has resulted in excessive CO2 emis-sions,exacerbating the global greenhouse effect and presenting one of the most critical challen-ges of the 21st century.The development of renewable energy and the reduction of CO2 emis-sions have become a global imperative.Among various strategies,hydrogen production tech-nologies and the utilization of hydrogen to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals have garnered significant attention due to their potential for carbon negativity and economic benefits.This ar-ticle provides a comprehensive analysis of the current research progress,challenges,and future prospects of hydrogen production technologies and CO2 hydrogenation reduction techniques,both domestically and internationally.Notably,China has achieved a leading position in green hydrogen production and CO2 reduction technologies.However,several challenges remain,in-cluding high costs,low conversion rates,safety concerns related to hydrogen storage and transportation,and the complexity of catalytic systems,all of which hinder the commercializa-tion process.Consequently,there is a critical requirement to develop a novel CO2 hydrogena-tion technology system that is cost-effective,highly efficient,and eliminates the need for hy-drogen storage and transportation,as opposed to traditional methods such as photo/electroly-sis of water for green hydrogen production.The integration of biomass-based green hydrogen production with CO2 reduction to synthesize various fine chemicals offers a unique carbon cycle pathway.This technology leverages green hydrogen generated from biomass dehydrogenation through electrocatalytic,photocatalytic,and hydrothermal catalytic processes to directly re-duce CO2 into chemicals such as formic acid and methanol(classified under CCU).Simultane-ously,it oxidizes biomass into high-valued chemicals like acetic acid and lactic acid.This ap-proach only requires maintaining low-pressure hydrogen within the reactor,thereby avoiding the complexities associated with high-pressure hydrogen compression,storage,and transporta-tion.Moreover,it is compatible with various low-grade energy sources(e.g.,off-peak elec-tricity,solar energy,industrial waste heat)to achieve a highly efficient,low-cost,and pollu-tion-free CO2 conversion process.This article reviews recent advancements in the reduction of CO2 to high-valued chemicals using biomass-derived green hydrogen,encompassing reaction systems,mechanisms,and product selectivity in the dehydrogenation and oxidation coupling of CO2 reduction with sugars,algae,glycerol,alcohols,and lignin.It also discusses the key fac-tors influencing reaction performance.Research indicates that hydrogen energy will play a piv-otal role in ensuring the"replacement"and"dominance"of national energy strategies within future energy systems.Drawing inspiration from natural processes to accelerate the Earth's carbon cycle,the use of renewable biomass as a hydrogen donor for CO2 reduction holds signif-icant promise.The efficient and rapid conversion of biomass waste and CO2 through electrocat-alytic,photocatalytic,and hydrothermal methods not only addresses the fundamental issues of energy depletion and CO2 emissions but also contributes to the realization of dual-carbon goals.This technology offers substantial economic benefits and industrial feasibility,providing new theoretical and technical support for advancing the application and development of negative car-bon technologies.
Keywords：Hydrogen production technologyCO2 reduction to high value-added chemicalsbiomass green hydrogenphoto/electric catalysishydrothermal methodcarbon cycle
Publication Date：2025-05-30
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：18( 680-697 )