Research on screening early warning indicators of hypothermia hemorrhagic shock in the rats based on metabolomics technology

Shao Bing; Shi Xiuyun; Zhang Jianyu; Li Siyang; Gao Jing; Liu Xinwei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1949.2024.07.015

Abstract：Objective To use metabolomics technology to screen early warning indicators of hypothermia hemorrhagic shock in the rats.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into a control group,a 25％hypothermia hemorrhagic shock group and a 50％hypothermia hemorrhagic shock group,with 10 rats in each group.The rats in the control group were raised in a normal environment(22±2)℃,while the rats in the 25％and 50％hypothermia hemorrhagic shock groups were raised in a low temperature environment(-10±2)℃.A model of controlled hemorrhagic shock was established,and the changes in vital signs and coagulation function were monitored when the total blood loss reached 25％and 50％.Plasma samples were collected after 25％and 50％blood loss,and the metabolites with differential expression were screened by using LC-MS/MS.Results Vital sign monitoring revealed that compared with the control group,the body temperature in 25％and 50％hypothermia hemorrhagic shock groups decreased to(37.60±0.12)℃ and(35.10±0.19)℃ respectively,heart rate increased to(389.0±5.3)beats/min and(438.0±7.2)beats/min,mean arterial pressure decreased to(69.0±6.1)mmHg and(40.0±5.1)mmHg,arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2)decreased to(100.5±2.1)mmHg and(79.5±1.8)mmHg,and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)increased to(51.1±2.0)mmHg and(72.3±1.7)mmHg(P＜0.05).Coagulation function testing revealed that compared with the control group,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)in 25％and 50％hypothermia hemorrhagic shock groups increased to(25.3±1.1)s and(32.3±1.7)s,the prothrombin time(PT)increased to(16.4±0.9)s and(23.1±2.1)s,the tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA)increased to(4.7±0.6)g/L and(5.9±1.0)g/L(P＜0.05),while the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)remained at(1.6±0.4)μg/L and(1.6±0.7)µg/L,there was no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Metabolomics analysis revealed significant changes in metabolites such as traumatic-acid,taurodeoxycholate,and 4-aminobutanoate in the plasma.Conclusions As the amount of blood loss increases,there are progressive changes in vital signs and coagulation function in rats.Differential metabolites identified by metabolomics screening can provide the references for early warning of hypothermia hemorrhagic shock.