Clinical and imaging features of pigmented villonodular synovitis with knee joint mass as the manifestation:a case report
LIAO Long
LI Zong-yuan
YU Qing-long
ZHANG Tao
XU Dao-fei
XU Han
SHI Bo
Abstract：Objective To report a case of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS) manifested as a knee joint mass and explore its clinical features in combination with the literature. Methods One case of PVNS admitted to our hospital was introduced and analyzed. Domestic and foreign literature was retrieved and analyzed to discuss its imaging features, pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Results PVNS was a chronic proliferative disease occurring in the joint synovium, tendon sheaths and bursae. Its main feature was the villous or nodular hyperplasia of the synovium accompanied by hemosiderin deposition. The knee joint was the most frequently affected (accounting for about 80%), followed by the hip joint, ankle joint, elbow joint, etc., which can lead to joint swelling, pain and dysfunction. This disease was prone to occur in young and middle-aged people, and was more common in the age group of 20-50 years old. There was no significant difference in the incidence between men and women. Patients felt pain and swelling in the affected joint, and some patients could touch masses around the joint. There was no definite cause for this disease yet, and it may be related to multiple factors such as trauma and inflammation. On MRI, PVNS presented as thickening of the synovium in a villous or nodular shape, and low-signal areas due to hemosiderin deposition could be seen on T1WI and T2WI. Its main treatment method was surgical resection of the diseased synovial tissue. For patients with difficulties in complete surgical resection or a high risk of recurrence, radiotherapy was usually supplemented. Conclusions Most patients with PVNS have a history of trauma. The discovery of a large amount of hemosiderin in the pathological examination tissue is the main diagnostic method. At present, the main treatment plan is surgical resection.
Keywords：Pigmented villonodular synovitisArthroscopyKnee jointHemosiderinMagnetic resonance imaging
Publication Date：2025-05-19
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：3( 454-456 )