An analysis of risk factors for lower limb deep venous thrombosis in patients with tibial plateau fractures

WANG Jun; ZHAO Chun-peng; WEI Jie; WANG Man-yi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-252X.2015.02.003

Abstract：Objective To explore the incidence of lower limb deep venous thrombosis ( DVT ) before the surgery in the patients with tibial plateau fractures and to analyze the risk factors. Methods From November 2012 to June 2014, 336 patients with complete data were adopted, including 235 males and 101 females. Their mean age was ( 47.5±13.6 ) years old. The collected indexes could be divided into 5 categories, including general factors, basic medical diseases, indexes related to tibial plateau fractures, hematological examination and associated injuries. The association between the indexes and DVT was ascertained by independent-sample T-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression was used to further analyze the independent factors for DVT, so as to identify the high risk factors for lower limb DVT before the surgery in the patients with tibial plateau fractures. Results Lower limb DVT was conifrmed in 58 of the 336 patients ( 17.3%) by color Doppler ultrasound ( CDUS ) or venography. The univariate analysis of potential factors for DVT showed signiifcant associations between lower limb DVT and age, gender, cause of injuries, multiple fractures, pelvis-acetabular and spine fractures, Schatzker classiifcation and levels of D-Dimer and activated partial thromboplastin time ( APTT ). Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that cause of injuries ( high falling injuries ) and levels of APTT and D-Dimer were independent predictors of DVT. Conclusions It is demonstrated that the patients with acute tibial plateau fractures have a high risk of lower limb DVT before the surgery. Furthermore, the independent predictors of DVT are cause of injuries ( high falling injuries ) and levels of APTT and D-Dimer. Clinically, great attention should be paid to the patients with acute tibial plateau fractures in case of lower limb DVT.