Development status of high-entropy alloy powder preparation techniques and applications
DONG Fuyu
LIU Feng
SHEN Xiangyang
LIU Chao
TIAN Yu
SU Xin
REN Guangtao
ZHOU Guishen
ZHANG Yue
CHENG Jun
Abstract：Significance High-entropy alloys(HEAs)are mainly prepared using traditional melting and casting methods,which often result in issues such as severe component segregation,coarse microstructures,and internal shrinkage defects.These limitations and constraints on size and shape hinder their broader engineering applications.However,with the rapid development of science and technology,advanced near-net-shape forming technologies,such as 3D printing and powder metallurgy,have been gradu-ally applied to HEA powder preparation.In recent years,HEA powders have gained significant attention as raw materials for the preparation of bulk components,coatings,films,and other functional materials.Despite this growing interest,comprehensive studies on HEA powders,especially nano-sized powders,remain rare.To enhance our understanding of HEA powders,this paper comprehensively examines their preparation processes,curing methods,and functional applications,providing a refer-ence for future development and theoretical research on HEA powder preparation.
Progress This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in HEA powder preparation techniques,including mechanical alloying(MA),gas atomization,plasma rotating electrode atomization,carbothermal shock(CTS),pyrolysis,elec-tric shock,scanning probe lithography,plasma arc,DC arc evaporation,and chemical reduction.Each method is evaluated for its advantages and limitations.The solidification processes of HEA powders,such as sintering,coating,and additive manufac-turing,are discussed.The functional applications of HEA powders are also investigated,including hydrogen storage,medical and bioengineering,catalysts,and electromagnetic shielding.For instance,their excellent mechanical properties and biocom-patibility make them ideal for orthopedic implants and dental treatment materials.In environmental and energy applications,HEA powders can be efficient catalysts.They can also be used as electromagnetic shielding materials such as electromagnetic shielding wall panels and electromagnetic isolation rooms.
Conclusions and Prospects Although significant achievements have been made in the design and preparation of HEA powders,considerable challenges remain.MA and atomization are currently the main methods for preparing HEA powders,but further improvements in efficiency and powder quality are needed.Future research should focus on addressing fundamental issues in powder preparation and developing innovative preparation methods.Their structural stability,mechanical properties,and func-tional performance in energy storage,magnetism,and catalysis need to be further studied.Additive manufacturing,with its abil-ity to create unique dislocation structures and microstructures,holds great potential in developing high-performance HEA materi-als.Through material genetic engineering,high-throughput powder metallurgy techniques can accelerate the screening of HEA components,shortening the development cycle of alloys.In addition,the flexibility of powder metallurgy enables the design of heterogeneous HEA materials such as composite,layered,and gradient structures,which have potential applications in aero-space,biomedical engineering,and other fields,promoting further development of HEA technologies.
Keywords：high-entropy alloyatomizationrotating electrodesolidification processcarbothermalelectric shock
Publication Date：2025-11-01
Online Publishing Date：2026-05-22(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：15( 92-106 )