Longitudinal Study of Myopia Changes Among Children and Adolescents in A Certain Community of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023

Wang Wei; Zhang Xiaomei; Liu Changchao; Chen Lanlan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-568X.2025.07.0019

Abstract：OBJECTIVE To observe and analyze the changing trends of screened myopia among children and adolescents in a certain community,so as to provide necessary policy evidence for the formulation and adjustment of prevention and intervention measures for students'myopia.METHODS From 2019 to 2023,the students of kindergartens,primary schools,middle schools and high schools were selected as subjects for unaided visual acuity test and refractive screening in the community.The changing trends in the detection rates of poor vision,myopia,astigmatism,and refractive aberration were observed,and the differences in myopia detection among different genders,school stages and eye types was compared.RESULTS From 2019 to 2023,the myopia detection rates of a community in Shanghai for 5 consecutive years were 71.95%,76.45%,75.30%,65.23%and 65.98%,respectively.The myopia detection rates of all ages showed a steady and slightly decreasing trend.The detection rates of poor visual acuity,screening myopia and refractive aberration in girls were significantly higher than those in boys.For the same individual,the equivalent spherical power entered a rapid decline channel from 6 years old,and the diopters of left eye was significantly higher than the right eye after 5 years old.The prevalence of high myopia in high school was 20.45%,showing a significant increase.The prevalence rates for male and female students were 22.52%and 18.55%,respectively,with a significant statistical difference.CONCLUSION From 2019 to 2023,the detection rate of screening myopia in a certain community of Shanghai showed a steady and slightly decreased trend,but it was still at a high level.Appropriate myopia prevention and control strategies should be formulated according to the different stages of physiological development of children and adolescents,and popular science publicity should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of myopia and slow down its development.