Effect of four kinds of red blood cell lysates on DNA extraction quality from tumor cells in bloody pleural effusion obtained by image-guided puncture

CEN Guiying; XU Jie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8096.2025.12.018

Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effects of four red blood cell lysates on the DNA extraction quality from tumor cells in bloody pleural effusion obtained by image-guided puncture,and to analyze their impacts on DNA integrity and subsequent detection efficacy.Methods Four groups(a-d)of red blood cell lysates were selected for testing.Pleural effusion samples from 30 patients with histopathologically diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma were collected,processed with the four lysates respectively,followed by DNA extraction for quality comparison.Additionally,eight samples with matched surgical tissue with genetic testing results were selected for next-generation sequencing to observe the effects of these four red blood cell lysates on tumor cell DNA quality while lysing red blood cells.Results The experimental results revealed that the four red blood cell lysates exhibited differences in their ability to remove red blood cells while preserving DNA quality,but the differences were not statistically significant.The DNA quality ratings across the four groups were predominantly Grade a,with no significant differences among groups.Group A demonstrated the highest stability in DNA quality,with the highest proportion of Grade a samples.The DNA concentration(QB)values in Group a were significantly higher than those in other groups,while Group D generally showed lower concentration values.Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated a strongly positive correlation between quality rating and concentration(QB)values(P=0.644,P＜0.000 1),meaning that higher quality ratings corresponded to significantly increasing median concentration(QB)values.Among the eight cases with next-generation sequencing results from matched surgical tissue samples,the current data showed no statistically significant differences compared to previous results.Conclusion The red blood cell lysate in Group A of this study demonstrates superior preservation effects on preserving the quality of nucleated cell DNA,while the processing conditions of Group D may have reduced the DNA concentration of tumor cells.However,given that the differences are not statistically significant,these results should be interpreted with caution.Subsequent experiments should increase the sample size and conduct detailed investigations into other potential influencing factors.