Expression of CD34,GS,and Glypican-3 in HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and their relationship with prognosis

JIANG Mingming; XU Lin; ZHAO Guogang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8096.2025.10.021

Abstract：Objective To investigate the expression of CD34,glutamine synthetase(GS),and glypican-3 in hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)tissues and their relationship with prognosis.Methods Eighty-six patients with HCV-related HCC admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled in the study group.Additionally,80 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis who visited our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group using propensity score matching.The MaxVision method was used to detect the expression of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins in HCC tissues and cirrhotic tissues,and the positive expression rates were compared between the two groups.The study group was followed up for one year:35 patients with postoperative recurrence were assigned to the poor prognosis group,and 51 patients without recurrence were assigned to the good prognosis group.The expression of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins,as well as their associations with pathological features,were analyzed and compared between the poor and good prognosis groups.Results The positive expression rates of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(χ2=89.578,30.379,46.495,all P<0.05).Patients with TNM stage III-IV and poorly differentiation tumors had higher positive expression rates of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins than those with TNM stage I-II and moderately/well-differentiated tumors(all P<0.05).Compared with the good prognosis group,the poor prognosis group had a higher proportion of patients with TNM stage III-IV,poorly differentiated tumors,and positive expression of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins(χ2=7.300,43.466,6.831,33.055,11.649,P<0.05).Conclusion In HCV-related HCC tissues,GS,CD34,and glypican-3 exhibit positive expression,which is related to TNM staging and tumor differentiation.TNM staging,tumor differentiation,and the expression of GS,CD34,and glypican-3 proteins are influencing factors for postoperative recurrence in patients with HCV-related HCC.