Expression of LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 in serum of ovarian cancer patients and their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis

LI Yanxia; YIN Ruchang; HAN Sisi; WANG Xiaoqin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8096.2025.10.004

Abstract：Objective To investigate the serum expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP1),anterior gradient-2(AGR2),and SPOCK1 in patients with ovarian cancer(OC),and their relationship with pathological features and prognosis.Methods A total of 150 OC patients who were admitted to Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital and underwent oophorectomy from January 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled as the OC group.According to the 5-year prognosis,these OC patients were further divided into the survival group(99 cases)and the death group(51 cases).Meanwhile,105 patients diagnosed with benign ovarian tumors during the same period were randomly selected as the benign group,and 105 healthy individuals who received physical examination in our hospital were enrolled as the control group.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 and the 5-year prognosis of OC patients.Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 levels.Cox regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for 5-year mortality of OC patients.The ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 alone and in combination for 5-year mortality of OC patients.Results Compared with the control group,the expression levels of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 were elevated in the benign and OC groups(P<0.05).Compared with the benign group,the expression levels of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 were elevated in the OC group(P<0.05).The expression levels of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 in the OC group were associated with lymph node metastasis,FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,poor differentiation,and CA125≥200 U/mL(P<0.05).The 5-year survival rate of OC patients in the high-expression groups of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 was significantly lower than that in the corresponding low-expression group(χ2=12.269,23.828,16.615,P<0.001).Compared with the survival group,the death group had a higher proportion of patients with FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,poor differentiation,and lymph node metastasis,as well as higher serum levels of LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1(P<0.05).Serum LRP1 level was positively correlated with AGR2(r=0.462,P<0.001)and SPOCK1(r=0.478,P<0.001)levels,and serum AGR2 level was positively correlated with SPOCK1 level(r=0.453,P<0.001).LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 were independent risk factors for 5-year mortality of OC patients(P<0.05).The AUC values of serum LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 alone,and their combination for predicting 5-year mortality of OC patients were 0.744,0.807,0.741,and 0.931,respectively.The AUC value of the three indicators used in combination was superior to that of each individual indicator(Z=3.345,Z=2.291,Z=5.374,P<0.05).Conclusion The serum expression levels of LRP1,AGR2,and SPOCK1 in OC patients are upregulated,and all the three indicators are associated with pathological features and poor prognosis.The combination of them has high diagnostic value for predicting the prognosis of OC patients.