Expression of L1CAM and TFF3 in high-grade endometrioid carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma and their clinical pathological significance

WAN Liang-bin; FENG Jun-ming; HE Fu-guo; CHEN Juan; TIAN Wen-si; TONG Kuo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8096.2025.04.007

Abstract：Objective To detect the expression of L1CAM and TFF3 in high-grade endometrioid carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma,and to explore their clinical pathological significance.Methods A total of 40 cases of high-grade endometrioid carcinoma and 28 cases of uterine serous carcinoma diagnosed in the pathology department of our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were collected as study group.Another 40 cases of endometrial hyperplasia(without atypia)were selected as the control group.The expression of L1CAM and TFF3 was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the relationship between the protein expression and the clinical pathological characteristics of patients with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma was analyzed,as well as the correlation between the two groups of protein expression.Results The positive expression rates of L1CAM in patients with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma and uterine serous carcinoma were 25.0%and 46.4%,respectively;the positive expression rates of TFF3 were 55.0%and 28.2%,respectively,showing statistically significant differences compared with the control group(P＜0.05).In patients with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma,the expression of L1CAM showed statistically significant differences in terms of invasion depth and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05),while TFF3 showed statistically significant differences in the absence of vascular invasion(P＜0.05).The expression of both in other clinicopathological features was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between L1CAM and TFF3 expression in high-grade endometrioid carcinoma(r=-0.321,P＜0.05).The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the average survival time of patients with positive L1CAM expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative expression(P＜0.05),while the average survival time of patients with positive TFF3 expression was longer than that of patients with negative expression(P＞0.05).In uterine serous carcinoma,the expression of L1CAM in patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in negative cases,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05),while the expression of TFF3 showed no statistically significant differences in various clinical pathological features(P＞0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed no correlation between L1CAM and TFF3 expression in uterine serous carcinoma(r=-0.113,P＞0.05).The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that there was no statistically significant difference in average survival time between patients with positive LICAM and TFF3 expression and those with negative expression(P＞0.05).Conclusion The abnormal expression of L1CAM and TFF3 is closely related to the invasion,metastasis,and prognosis of EC-G3 and ESC.Detecting the protein expression of L1CAM and TFF3 may have certain reference value for the clinicopathological diagnosis and prognosis of EC-G3 and ESC.