Dynamic proteomic atlas of traumatic brain injury under seawater immersion conditions
XIE Shengqiang
LI Wenxuan
HE Renke
SU Shichao
XU Ao
WANG Yumeng
YANG Zhijie
WANG Yuxin
LÜ Wenying
CHENG Gang
ZHANG Jianning
Abstract：Objective To investigate the molecular pathological evolution of seawater immersion(SW)in traumatic brain injury(TBI)murine models and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods Fifty-one male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham group,TBI group,and TBI+SW group,with 17 mice in each group.Cerebral tissues were harvested at 1,3,7,and 28 d post-injury for proteomic profiling.Differential protein expression was analyzed via GO and KEGG pathway enrichment,supplemented by GSEA to delineate temporal molecular dynamics.Results Compared with the TBI group,the TBI+SW group exhibited pronounced proteomic alterations during the acute phase,featuring amplified inflammatory cascades(e.g.,neutrophil chemotaxis)and exacerbated lysosomal/mitochondrial dysfunction.By day 3,persistent dysregulation emerged in RNA splicing machinery,endosomal trafficking,and synaptic signaling pathways,alongside activation of neurodegenerative pathways.Day 7 manifested aberrant antigen presentation,cellular senescence,and endoplasmic reticulum stress modulation.Chronic pathologies-including ferroptosis,impaired axonal transport,and persistent immunological activation-endured through day 28.Longitudinal analysis revealed progressive transition from acute inflammation to chronic immunodysregulation,accompanied by delayed extracellular matrix remodeling and mitochondrial functional recovery.Conclusion SW exacerbates and prolongs secondary injury cascades post-TBI,disrupting RNA metabolism,endosomal-lysosomal trafficking,synaptic integrity,and axonal transport.These perturbations accelerate cellular senescence and neurodegeneration while impeding neural repair.The mechanistic underpinnings involve sustained multi-pathway dysregulation spanning inflammatory,degenerative,and metabolic axes.
Keywords：traumatic brain injuryseawater immersionproteomicssecondary brain injurymolecular mechanismneutrophil chemotaxislysosomeferroptosis
Publication Date：2026-02-28
Online Publishing Date：2026-08-26(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：9( 170-178 )