Systematic application of robot-assisted surgery in urology:technical evolution,clinical advantages,and future trends
YUAN Jianlin
Abstract：Robot-assisted laparoscopic technology has gradually developed since the end of the 20th century,with high-quality 3D surgical field imaging and sub-millimeter operational accuracy,promoting the innovation of precision and minimally invasive urological surgery.In radical prostatectomy,robot technology significantly improves postoperative urinary control and sexual function recovery through improved surgical techniques such as Retzius space preservation,Hood technique,and posterior approach,and has a lower positive margin and biochemical recurrence rate than open and laparoscopic surgery.Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy achieves the goal of"Trifecta" by shortening the warm ischemia time and reducing renal function damage,and its perioperative outcomes are superior to those of open and laparoscopic procedures.For radical nephrectomy combined with removal of inferior vena cava tumor thrombus,robot technology can reduce intraoperative bleeding and complications,but it requires multidisciplinary collaboration and optimization of preoperative neoadjuvant therapy.Robot-assisted radical cystectomy has shown outstanding performance in bleeding control and minimally invasive procedures,but complete internal urinary diversion still needs to be promoted.In addition,robot technology has demonstrated safety and minimally invasive advantages in areas such as adrenal tumor resection,ureteral reconstruction,and kidney transplantation,especially showing great potential in complex cases.Although robot technology has limitations such as lack of tactile feedback and high cost,the rapid development of domestic systems and the remote application of 5G provide new opportunities for its popularization.In the future,with the integration of AI technology,robotic surgery will further break through in the two aspects of"precision"and"remote",promoting the development of minimally invasive urology.
Keywords：robotic surgical proceduresurologyprostatic neoplasmsurinary bladder neoplasmskidney neoplasmsminimally invasive surgical proceduressurgical instrumentsremote surgery
Publication Date：2025-09-30
Online Publishing Date：2026-08-26(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 1121-1126 )