Role and research progress of dupilumab in the treatment of severe asthma

PENG Ao; QU Shuoyao

doi:10.13276/j.issn.2097-1656.2025.06.019

Abstract：Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.As a common chronic airway disease,it seriously affects patients' quality of life.The conventional treatment of asthma is long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting β2-agonists,which is effective in most patients,improving lung function and reducing exacerbations,and significantly reducing the frequency of acute exacerbations and mortality.However,some patients with severe asthma are still insensitive to conventional treatment,and their symptoms are still difficult to control,with recurrent acute exacerbations and a high risk of disease,causing a serious socio-economic burden,and are the main cause of disability and death in asthma.In recent years,a variety of biologics for asthma have been approved for marketing,including anti-IgE,anti-IL-4 receptor,anti-IL-5/IL-5 receptor,and anti-TSLP monoclonal antibodies,which can be effectively used in the treatment of type 2 severe asthma.The Global Initiative for Asthma recommends the use of these biologics as add-on therapeutic agents in the treatment of severe asthma that is not controlled by level 4 therapy.These drugs have been approved for clinical use in China.Dupilumab,as a new type of biological agent,targets the IL-4 receptor to achieve the effect of blocking the dual pathway of IL-4 and IL-13.Preliminary data have shown that it has significant efficacy in the treatment of patients with severe asthma,which can significantly improve the lung function of patients and effectively control their asthma,but at present,the real-world data in clinical practice is still relatively small,and its effectiveness and safety still need to be further explored.This article reviews the role and research progress of dupilumab in the treatment of severe asthma in the real world.