DOI: 10.1515/mr-2024-0039
A stepwise approach to deriving functional β-cells from human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells
Clara Farhat
Viktoria Xega
Jun-Li Liu
Abstract：Our understanding of β-cell differentiation from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is rapidly evolving. Although progress has been made, challenges remain, particularly in achieving glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are valuable due to their pluripotent ability. A fixed protocol targeting master regulatory genes initiates stem cells into pancreatic lineage commitment. Due to the observations that a single stem cell can differentiate into multiple cell types depending on various factors and conditions, non-linear differentiation pathways exist. Co-expression of key factors remains essential for successful β-cell differentiation. The mature β-cell marker MAFA plays a critical role in maintaining the differentiation state and preventing dedifferentiation. Recapitulating pancreatic islet clustering enhances physiological responses, offering potential avenues for diabetes treatment. On the other hand, several enhanced differentiation protocols from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have improved the functional insulin-producing β-cells generated. These findings, with their potential to revolutionize diabetes treatment, highlight the complexity of β-cell differentiation and guide further advancements in regenerative medicine.
Keywords：embryonic stem cellpancreatic β-cell differen-tiationglucose-stimulated insulin secretionβ-cell tran-scription regulators
Publication Date：2025-02-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：12( 23-34 )