Advances in biomechanical properties of periodontal ligament and its mechanobiology in remodeling and regeneration
SONG Run-fang
WANG Hui
LI Jun-rong
ZHANG Song-bai
ZHANG Min
Abstract：The periodontal ligament,a specialized fibrous connective tissue between cementum and alveolar bone,buffers,conducts,and disperses the occlusal force via its unique collagen fiber structure,and maintains the tissue's dynamic equilibrium under the stimulation of physiological occlusal force.Pathological factors(such as occlusal trauma,dental trauma,and periodontitis)can disrupt the collagen fiber network,while the existing clinical approaches remain insufficient to fully restore its structure and function.This paper systematically examines the structural heterogeneity of the periodontal ligament,its viscoelastic biomechanical properties,and the transitional characteristics at the soft-hard tissue interface.It further explores how biomechanical stimuli influence PDL remodeling highlighting the pivotal role of mechanotransduction in maintaining tissue equilibrium.Recent advances in biomimetic biomaterials design and regenerative strategies are summarized,with a focus on promoting functional PDL regeneration.Key challenges-such as achieving precise fiber orientation,reconstructing the soft-hard tissue transition zone,and coordinating mechanical signals in time and space-are critically discussed.Finally,the review outlines future directions and potential solutions to enhance the clinical translation of PDL regenerative technologies.
Keywords：periodontal ligament(PDL)biomechanical characteristicsremodelingregenerationmechanobiology
Publication Date：2025-04-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：9( 232-240 )