Aging changes of the root canal morphology in maxillary second premolars observed by cone beam computed tomography

LIU Xiao-jing; LIU Xiao-jie; GAO Mei-li

doi:10.15956/j.cnki.chin.j.conserv.dent.2025.01.005

Abstract：AIM:The root canal morphology of maxillary second premolars and the changes with aging were observed by using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)to provide reference for clinical treatments.METHODS:A total of 600 CBCT images of maxillary second premolars were collected from 343 patients retrospectively.The subjects were divided into 6 groups according to the patients'ages:groups ≤ 20,21～30,31～40.41～50,51～60 and＞60 years old,respectively.The number and type of root canals of maxillary second premolars were observed.The height of buccal and lingual medullary angles,the distance between buccal and lingual medullary angles and the diameter of root canal orifices were measured,and their correlation with age were analyzed.RESULTS:The incidence of single root canal and double root canal in maxillary second premolars were 65.67％and 34.33％respectively.There were statistical significance in the incidence of double root canals among different age groups(P＜0.05),and the incidence of double root canals gradually increased with aging(P＜0.05).The root canal type of maxillary second premolars were mainly type Ⅰ 66％.In the double root canals system,the incidence of type Ⅲ was 13.83％,followed by the type Ⅱ 7％,type V 6.67％,type Ⅳ 3.33％,other type 1.83％,type Ⅵ 0.83％and type Ⅶ 0.83％,respectively.The height of buccal and lingual medullary angles,the distance between buccal and lingual medullary angles and the diameter of root canal orifices of maxillary second premolars were statistically significant among different age groups(P＜0.05),and they gradually decreased with aging(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:The anatomical morphology of the root canal system of maxillary second premolars changes with aging.The morphology root canal becomes more complex with age increasing.The findings of cone beam CT images may provide a reliable evidence for clinical treatment of root canal.