The morphology of apical foramen in permanent mandibular molars and its clinical significance
QIN He-jia
ZHOU Tong
XIE Fang-fang
Abstract：AIM:To investigate the morphological characteristics of the apical foramen of mandibular mo-lars. METHODS:593 permanent mandibular molars(285 first and 308 second molars) were collected.The roots were stained with methylene blue and the number and shape of root apex and lateral side of root apex were examined with stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by Phmias 2008 computer software. RESULTS:A total of 1 616 foramina of the 593 molars was investigated. 1 root with 1,2 and ≥3apical foramen were found in 68%,23.8% and 8.2% of the roots.Most apical foramina(71.6%) were oval in shape. The mean range of minimum diameter in the minor apical fo-ramen was from (0.24 ± 0.10)mm to (0.33 ± 0.12)mm, that of the maximum was from (0.33 ± 0.15)mm to (0.42 ± 0.16)mm. The rate of apical foramen with the difference between maximum and minimum diameter no more than 0.15 mm accounted for 81.5%. CONCLUSION:The morphology of apical foramina of mandibular molars pres-ent highly complex anatomical variations.
Keywords：mandibular molarsapical foramenmorphology
Publication Date：2018-01-01
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：4( 225-228 )