The predictive value of serum G-CSF and IP-10 for autoimmune encephalitis in patients with herpes simplex virus in-fection
Peng Fuzhi
Fang Fang
Tu Ewen
Chen Xi
Abstract：Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and interferon gamma-induced protein-10(IP-10)for autoimmune encephalitis(AE)in patients with herpes simplex virus(HSV)infection.Methods A total of 183 patients with HSV infection admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province(Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital)from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected as the HSV group.Based on AE development,HSV-infected patients were divided into AE subgroup(n=32)and non-AE subgroup(n=151).Additionally,200 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy control group.Serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Multivariate logistic re-gression was used to analyze the influence of serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels on AE development in HSV-infected patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of serum G-CSF,IP-10,and their combination for AE development in HSV-infected patients.Results Serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels in the HSV group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(t=5.873,6.416;both P＜0.001).The AE subgroup showed significantly higher serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels compared to the non-AE subgroup(t=5.594,5.431;both P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that elevated serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels were independent risk factors for secondary AE in HSV-infected patients[OR(95％CI)=4.245(1.892-9.524),3.492(1.635-7.459)].ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the areas under the curve(AUC)for predicting secondary AE using G-CSF,IP-10,and their combi-nation were 0.776,0.783,and 0.868,respectively.The combined prediction was superior to individual predictions(Z/P=2.224/0.026,2.388/0.017).Conclusion Serum G-CSF and IP-10 levels are significantly elevated in HSV-infected patients who de-velop secondary AE.Combined detection of these two biomarkers shows high predictive value for secondary AE in HSV-in-fected patients.
Keywords：Herpes simplex virus infectionAutoimmune encephalitisGranulocyte colony-stimulating factorInter-feron gamma-induced protein-10Prognostic value
Publication Date：2025-12-18
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-08(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 1457-1460,1466 )