The relationship between serum β-HCG and PLGF expression levels and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gesta-tional hypothyroidism

Pei Qiaoli; Li Wenting; Xu Shasha; Zhang Xiaocai

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6450.2025.06.009

Abstract：Objective To investigate the relationship between serum human chorionic gonadotropin(β-HCG),pla-cental growth factor(PLGF)and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational hypothyroidism.Methods From May 2023 to May 2024,102 patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy in our hospital were selected to form the hypothyroidism group.At the same time,102 healthy pregnant women who underwent pregnancy examination during the same period were considered as control group.Patients with hypothyroidism were assigned into the adverse group and the good group based on pregnancy outcomes.Chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect serum β-HCG.ELISA was used to detect serum PLGF.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes.ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum β-HCG and PLGF for adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results For the con-trol group,the hypothyroidism group had higher serum β-HCG and lower serum PLGF(t/P=18.208/＜0.001,31.703/＜0.001).For the control group,the hypothyroidism group had a higher overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes(x2/P=4.293/0.038).The adverse group had higher thyroid stimulating hormone and β-HCG,and lower PLGF than good group(t/P=4.940/＜0.001,7.015/＜0.001,5.260/＜0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high TSH and β-HCG were inde-pendent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy[OR(95％CI)=5.037(1.909-13.290),4.456(2.005-8.616)].High PLGF was an independent protective factor[OR(95％CI)=0.320(0.121-0.781)].ROC curve showed that the AUC of serum β-HCG,PLGF,and their joint in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.776(95％CI:0.683-0.853),0.761(95％CI:0.666-0.840),and 0.880(95％CI:0.801-0.936),respectively.The AUC predic-ted by the joint of β-HCG and PLGF was manifestly greater than the AUC predicted by them alone(Z/P=2.224/0.026,Z/P=2.546/0.011).Conclusion Serum β-HCG increases and PLGF decreases in patients with gestational hypothyroidism.Both are influencing factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes,and the joint detection of these two indicators has higher value in predic-ting adverse pregnancy outcomes.