The changes of serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 levels in patients with coronary heart disease and their predictive value for major cardiovascular adverse events

Yang Kairong; An Rong; Li Zhi; Guo Yaya; Mao Jianmei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6450.2025.06.004

Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes of serum cathepsin B(cathepsin B)and CBL proto-oncogene-like 1(CBLL1)levels in patients with coronary heart disease and their predictive value for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE).Methods A total of 196 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medi-cine,Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital from January 2019 to July 2023 were selected as the research objects.After 12 months of follow-up,3 cases were lost to follow-up.According to the occurrence of MACE,the patients with coronary heart disease were divided into MACE group(46 cases)and non-MACE group(147 cases).The level of serum cathepsin B was de-tected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the relative expression of serum CBLL1 was detected by real-time fluores-cent polymerase chain reaction;Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 levels and the degree of coronary artery disease and myocardial injury;Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of MACE in patients with coronary heart disease;the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 levels for MACE in patients with coronary heart dis-ease.Results The levels of serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 in the MACE group were higher than those in the non-MACE group(t/P=19.522/＜0.001,22.809/＜0.001);the levels of serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 in patients with coronary heart disease were positively correlated with the number of coronary artery lesions,coronary stenosis rate,Gensini score,troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)and B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)(cathepsin B:r/P=0.462/＜0.001,0.391/＜0.001,0.501/＜0.001,0.341/0.001,0.329/0.003;cBLL1:r/P=0.377/＜0.001,0.320/0.008,0.419/＜0.001,0.322/0.006,0.306/0.013);Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that coronary multivessel disease,high cathepsin B,and high CBLL1 were independent risk factors for MACE in pa-tients with coronary heart disease during follow-up[OR(95％CI)=2.125(1.133-3.987),1.997(1.121-3.562),1.685(1.126-2.524)];the AUC of serum cathepsin B,CBLL1 levels and their combined prediction of MACE during follow-up in patients with coronary heart disease were 0.764,0.790 and 0.887,respectively.The AUC of the combined prediction was greater than that of the single prediction(Z/P=2.591/＜0.001,2.170/0.005).Conclusion The increase of serum cathepsin B and CBLL1 levels in patients with coronary heart disease is related to the occurrence of MACE during follow-up,and the combination of the two can effectively predict the risk of MACE.