Variation Characteristics of Heat Resources During the Growth Season of Spring Wheat in Shigatse and Their Agricultural Significance

Zhuoma Ciren; Yula; Puzhu; Bianyang; Gesang Zhuoma

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3403.2026.02.009

Abstract：Based on the meteorological data from Shigatse Meteorological Service from 1990 to 2024,along with crop growth period observation data from the provincial agricultural-meteorological observatory in Shigatse during the same period,this study takes spring wheat in Shigatse from 1990 to 2024 as the research object to clarify the re-sponse patterns of spring wheat during the growth season to heat changes in alpine regions,which has also analyzed its growth season characteristics,heat resource dynamics and their correlation,as well as the abrupt variation charac-teristics of accumulated temperature.The results show that:1)Referring to growth season characteristics of spring wheat,the full growth period was mainly concentrated from April to September(averaging 142 d),showing a signifi-cant shortening trend from 1990 to 2024(decreasing by 0.75 d/a,P<0.01),dropping from nearly 170 d in 1992 to ap-proximately 130 d in 2024.The sowing-jointing(0.39 d/a)stage was significantly shortened.The heading-maturity(0.33 d/a)stage also exhibited a shortening trend,though it failed to pass the significance test,indicating a relatively weaker effect.The milk ripening/maturity stage was the most temporally concentrated(δ=3.7/3.6),and the tillering stage showed the largest dispersion(δ=11.1).Referring to heat dynamics,the average temperature during the growth season increased significantly(0.43℃/10a,P<0.001),with an increase of 1.38℃over 32 years.The four types of ac-cumulated temperature all showed stepwise increase,with an increase from 372.5℃(≥0℃)to 816.9℃(≥15℃)from 2020 to 2024 compared with 1990 to 1999.Referring to heat impact,the heat indicators and growth period days showed a correlation pattern of"negative-positive-positive-strong negative-neutral-negative-negative-strong negative".The accumulated temperature exceeding 10℃dominated the jointing/heading stage(r=-0.542/-0.497),while the average temperature and accumulated temperature exceeding 0℃/5℃dominated the maturity stage(r=-0.687).The accumulated temperature distribution adapted to physiological needs,and there was a reverse rela-tionship that"period shortens as temperature increases"between the heat and growth stages.Referring to abrupt vari-ation of accumulated temperature,it showed that the accumulated temperature exceeding 0℃,5℃,10℃and 15℃experienced increase and abrupt variation around 2000,2005,2010,and 2010 respectively.