Research on the Degradation Status,Driving Mechanism and Ecological Restora-tion Effect of Alpine Grasslands in Nakchu
Li Laiyin
Yang Junhui
Sun Lei
Feng Tan
Dunzhu Quzhuo
Ciren Zhuoga
Cheng Fangfang
Guo Rongming
Abstract：Alpine grasslands in northern Xizang are core components of the ecological security barrier on the Qing-hai-Xizang Plateau.Their degradation has directly threatened regional ecological security and sustainable develop-ment of pastoral areas.In this study,Nakchu was taken as the research area to quantitively reveal the degradation sta-tus,driving mechanism and effect of ecological restoration measures for alpine grasslands.Based on the local statis-tical yearbook data,field surveys and expert questionnaires,the fractional vegetation coverage(FVC)grading meth-od was used to evaluate their degradation level;the ecological service value equivalent factor method was used to evaluate its functional changes,and the contribution of each driving factor was clarified.The results showed that:(1)Alpine grassland degradation in Nakchu from 2000 to 2010 exhibited a spatialtemporal pattern of"first increas-ing and then decreasing",but the formation of local"black soil patch"had been aggravating,and the ecological pro-tection measures had achieved certain results.Monitoring data in 2023 showed that undegraded grasslands in Na-kchu dropped to below 50%,mildly degraded grasslands accounted for approximately 30%,and severely or extreme-ly degraded ones accounted for around 15%.(2)Overgrazing and rodent pest damage were the two major human factors leading to grassland degradation,with their contribution rate at 45%～60%and 20%～30%,respectively.Cli-mate change and mineral exploitation contributed 15%～20%and 10%～15%,respectively.(3)Ecological restoration measures such as fencing enclosure and shallow ploughing could significantly increase vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass.A systematic governance model with"grass-livestock balance as the core,engineering resto-ration as the means,and policies and regulations as the guarantee"was proposed,which was a feasible path to re-verse the alpine grassland degradation in Nakchu and realize the coordinated development of ecology and animal husbandry.
Keywords：Alpine grasslands in northern XizangEcological protectionNakchuGrassland degradationBiodiver-sitySustainable development
Publication Date：2026-01-31
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-28(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 22-28,45 )