Effects of combined application of straw with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on crop productivity and nutrient utilization in wheat-maize multiple cropping farmland
Yang Dayang
Abstract：Objective In order to explore the effects of combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the nutrient absorption efficiency and yield of wheat-maize multiple cropping farmland,and to promote the efficient fertilization strategy of straw returning to the field.Methods The trial was carried out for two consecu-tive growing seasons from 2020 to 2021,and the wheat-maize multi-cropping dry farmland in Guanzhong area was taken as the research object.A total of five treatments were designed in the wheat season,including fertilizing straw alone,straw with nitrogen fertilizer,straw with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer,straw with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer,and no straw and chemical fertilizer as the control.Issues as effects of straw returning to the field and the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on plant biomass,nitrogen,phos-phorus and potassium accumulation,nitrogen use efficiency and yield in the shoots of winter wheat and summer maize were investigated,so as to provide scientific basis and technical support for fertilizer management under the condition of straw returning to the field.Results The accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen,phosphorus and potas-sium in the shoots of winter wheat and summer maize increased with the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassi-um fertilizer.Compared with no straw application,the single straw application had a decreasing trend on the grain yield of wheat in the current season,but could increase the grain yield of maize in the next season.Compared with single application of straw,straw combined with nitrogen,or nitrogen and phosphorus,or nitrogen,phosphorus and po-tassium fertilizer,the yields of wheat and maize were significantly increased by 114.1%,128.8%,131.6%and 25.4%,24.4%,23.7%,respectively.Compared with CK and single application of straw,the application of straw combined with chemical fertilizer significantly increased the biomass,grain number per spike and grain yield of wheat in the current season and maize at the next season.Compared with straw combined with nitrogen fertilizer,the combined ap-plication of nitrogen and phosphorus,or nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer with straw had an increasing trend on the nitrogen use efficiency,partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer,and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of wheat grains,but there was no significant difference,and there was no significant effect on maize season.Conclusion In this experiment,it was found that balanced fertilization of straw returning to the field did not signifi-cantly improve the nitrogen use efficiency,nitrogen partial productivity,and nitrogen agronomic efficiency of wheat and maize.Compared with the control and single straw treatment,straw combined with nitrogen,or nitrogen and phosphorus,or nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could significantly increase the number of spikes,grains per spike,1000-grain weight and yield of wheat,and also significantly increase the number of grains per spike and yield of maize.In the actual agricultural production,balanced fertilization should be paid attention in the wheat season under the condition of straw returning to the field.According to the initial situation of the soil nutrients,in the case of suffcient nitrogen fertilizer dosage in the corn season,it is necessary to appropriately reduce the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers so as to ensure the yield and reduce the economic cost.
Keywords：Straw returning to the fieldNitrogenphosphorus and potassium fertilizerCrop productivityNutrient utilization
Publication Date：2024-10-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：9( 3-11 )