Constructing a risk assessment index system for aspiration and abnormal deglutition nursing in oral treatment based on the Swiss cheese model
YU Shuangshuang
XU Hui
Abstract：Objective: To construct a risk assessment index system for aspiration and mis-swallowing in oral treatment, providing clinical nursing staff with a standardized risk assessment tool and optimizing risk early warning and emergency response processes. Methods: Based on the Swiss cheese model, initial items were formed by literature analysis and combined with clinical experience. A two-round Delphi method was used to consult 15 experts, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to determine the weights of the indicators. Results: The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert questionnaires were both 100%. The expert authority coefficients were 0.918 and 0.945, respectively, and the Kendall's coefficient of concordance were 0.352 and 0.368 (both P < 0.001). The final index system includes five first-level indicators: operational technical risk, patient individual risk, equipment and environmental risk, training and management risk, and emergency management risk; twelve second-level indicators; and twenty-nine third-level indicators. Conclusion: The constructed risk assessment index system for aspiration and mis-swallowing in oral treatment can provide nursing staff with a standardized risk assessment tool, achieve risk level management, and improve nursing safety quality.
Keywords：oral treatmentaspirationabnormal deglutitionDelphi methodanalytic hierarchy processrisk assessmentnursing
Publication Date：2026-01-10
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-28(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 76-80 )