Status quo and influencing pathways of nutritional literacy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus
MA Ru
WANG Chang
XU Jian
Abstract：Objective:To investigate the status quo of nutritional literacy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and analyze its correlation with locus of control and perceived social support using structural equation modeling.Methods:A total of 254 pregnant women with GDM who were hospitalized for delivery at Suqian Hospital,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group,between January and August 2024 were randomly selected.They were surveyed using a general information questionnaire,the Pregnancy Nutritional Literacy Scale,the Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale,and the Perceived Social Support Scale.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of nutritional literacy.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between nutritional literacy,locus of control,and perceived social support.Structural equation modeling was employed to examine the pathways influencing nutritional literacy.Results:The scores of the nutritional literacy scale,internal health control dimension,health authority control dimension,health opportunity control dimension,and perceived social support scale for pregnant women with GDM were(46.86±10.25)points,(21.23±3.86)points,(25.47±4.11)points,(17.03±3.24)points,and(67.94±12.48)points.Correlation analysis revealed that internal health control,health authority control,and perceived social support were positively correlated with nutritional literacy,whereas health opportunity control was negatively correlated with nutritional literacy(all P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,household monthly income per capita,parity,perceived social support,health opportunity control,health authority control,and internal health control were all influencing factors for nutritional literacy in pregnant women with GDM(all P<0.05).Structural equation model analysis showed that perceived social support had a direct positive effect on nutritional literacy among pregnant women with GDM.Perceived social support also indirectly influenced nutritional literacy through internal locus of health control,locus of health authority,and locus of health opportunity(all P<0.001).Conclusions:Nutritional literacy among pregnant women with GDM is moderate.Nursing staff should pay more attention to pregnant women and multiparous women with low education levels and low household monthly incomes.Targeted interventions should be implemented to improve perceived social support,foster positive health control concepts,and enhance nutritional literacy.
Keywords：gestational diabetes mellitusnutritional literacylocus of health controlperceived social supportinfluencing factors
Publication Date：2025-11-10
Online Publishing Date：2025-11-20(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：7( 4373-4379 )