Effect of different exercise methods on gestational diabetes patients:a network Meta-analysis

JIAN Yuzhu; ZHOU Xihong; LI Shanshan; XU Nuo

doi:10.12102/j.issn.2095-8668.2025.10.001

Abstract：Objective:To systematically evaluate the intervention effects of aerobic exercise,resistance exercise,and aerobic combined with resistance exercise on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:RCTs using three exercise modes for managing GDM were retrieved from CNKI,WanFang Database,VIP,PubMed,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library.The search period was from the establishment of the database to January 2024.The screening of literature,extraction of data and evaluation of the risk of bias in the included studies were independently conducted by two researchers.Stata 17.0 software was adopted for network Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 37 articles were included.The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatment,aerobic exercise,resistance exercise,and aerobic combined with resistance exercise could all effectively improve fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,and glycated hemoglobin,and reduced the incidence of macrosomia and preterm birth.The results of the best probability ranking showed that aerobic exercise had the best effect in reducing fasting blood glucose and the rate of cesarean section in patients with GDM,while aerobic combined with resistance exercise had the best effect in reducing 2-hour postprandial blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,the rate of premature rupture of membrane,the incidence of preterm birth,the incidence of macrocephalus,and the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia.Conclusion:Aerobic combined with resistance exercise can effectively reduce the blood glucose level of patients with GDM and improve adverse pregnancy outcomes.Pregnant women without contraindications to exercise should be encouraged to do aerobic combined resistance exercises.