DOI: 10.12307/2026.610
Mechanisms by which macrophage polarization regulates bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis
Shalayiding·Aierxiding
Gao Jian
Alimujiang·Abudourousuli
Kutiluke·Shoukeer
Aikebaierjiang·Aisaiti
Gulimire·Yilihamu
Jiang Kan
Aikeremujiang·Muheremu
Abstract：BACKGROUND:Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent synovitis and progressive joint destruction.Macrophages serve as pivotal effector cells,playing a central role in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis through their ability to polarize into distinct functional phenotypes.
OBJECTIVE:To review the role of macrophage polarization in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis,the regulatory mechanisms involved,and the latest therapeutic advancements.
METHODS:Relevant literature published between 2005 and 2025 was retrieved using computer-based searches of the Web of Science Core Collection,WanFang Database,and CNKI.The search terms included"macrophages,rheumatoid arthritis,polarization,bone and joints,cartilage,autoimmunity,inflammation,M1 macrophage,M2 macrophage"in English and Chinese.Finally,53 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by persistent inflammatory bone destruction.Inadequate treatment can lead to joint deformities and even functional loss.The imbalance in macrophage polarization,specifically the M1/M2 ratio,is a critical factor in disease progression.This underscores the necessity of investigating the role of macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis-induced inflammatory bone and joint destruction,as well as its regulatory mechanisms,as potential targets for novel therapeutic agents.
Keywords：macrophagesrheumatoid arthritispolarizationbone and jointsautoimmunityinflammationM1 macrophageM2 macrophage
Publication Date：2026-04-08
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-18(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：7( 2484-2490 )