Tissue-engineered periosteum-coated biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold repairs bone defects in rabbits

Xing Fei; Peng Jing; Chen Long; Peng Kun; Li Lang; Xiang Zhou

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.47.002

Abstract：BACKGROUND:Periosteum has been shown to play an important role in bone defect repair, but large bone defects are often accompanied by the loss of periosteum. Therefore, tissue-engineered periosteum constructed by tissue engineering technology is attracting more attention. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the tissue-engineered periosteum which is constructed by mesenchymal stem cel s from the peripheral blood and procine smal intestinal submucosa and biphasic calcium phosphates on the repair of bone defects in rabbits. METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cel s from peripheral blood were seeded onto the procine smal intestinal submucosa to construct the tissue-engineered periosteum, and then the cel growth was observed through live/dead staining. The bone defect model of 15 mm in length in the left ulna was created in the 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits, fol owed by randomly assigned to 3 groups, and then treated with biphasic calcium phosphates and tissue-engineered periosteum-coated biphasic calcium phosphates, respectively. The remaining rabbits received no treatment as controls. Therapeutic effects were compared by X-ray and histological examinations among groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Live/dead staining found that the mesenchymal stem cel s grew wel and the cel number increased gradual y. X-ray Lane-Sandhu scores of the group treated with tissue-engineered periosteum-coated biphasic calcium phosphates were highest, fol owed by the biphasic calcium phosphates group and the control group at postoperative 4 and 8 weeks (P<0.05). Histological examination showed that the group treated with tissue-engineered periosteum-coated biphasic calcium phosphates had more osteoblasts, compared with the other two groups. In conclusion, the biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold coated by the tissue-engineered periosteum that is constructed by mesenchymal stem cel s from peripheral blood and procine smal intestinal submucosa is feasible to repair bone defects.