Autogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells carrier complex for bone defect repair：a histological observation

Han Cao; Ma Ning; Li Zhong-yi; Wang Zheng-dong; Yan Nan; Zhu Shi-long

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344

Abstract：BACKGROUND:Autogenous bone is the best choice for the repair of bone defects from the aspects of repair quality, immune rejection and disease transmission, but the limited sources and complications after bone colection bring a big limitation for bone defect repair and clinical application of autogenous bone graft. OBJECTIVE:To repair the bone defects with demineralized bone carrying autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and meanwhile to inject basic fibroblast growth factor and other factors into the micro-environment at the implant site, in order to enhance bone repair capacity and improve the repair effect. METHODS:Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits at an age of 3 months were selected to establish bone defect models (the lower segment of bilateral forearm bone-periosteum), and then, the animals were divided into three groups: experimental, control and blank groups. Bone marrow samples were extracted from the left iliac bone and femoral trochanter. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were isolated, cultured and amplified folowed by co-cultured with different materials in vitro, and then, the composite scaffolds were implanted to the bone defects of the radial shaft. In the experimental group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, demineralized bone, calcium alginate, basic fibroblast growth factor, vitamin C were implanted; in the control group, bone marrow <br> mesenchymal stem cels, demineralized bone, calcium alginate were implanted; in the blank group, nothing was implanted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 30, 60, 90 days after implantation, there were significant differences in the new bone formation rate and new bone amount between different groups. The bone formation speed and material degradation speed were significantly faster in the experimental group than the control and blank groups, while the amount of remnants at the defect region was larger in the latter two groups. Multi-point bone formation was visible in the experimental group, while “creeping substitution” was found in the control and blank group. At 90 days after implantation, bone defects were not healed in the blank group undergoing natural healing. These findings indicate that co-transplantation of bone graft and basic fibroblast growth factor and vitamin C is beneficial to bone repair and improves bone defect healing.