Acellular dermal matrix allograft combined with coralline hydroxyapatite repair periapical tissue defects

Xu Jun; Wang Jin-tao; Li Gang; Shi Fang-chuan; Zhong Liang-jun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.34.005

Abstract：Chronic periapical periodontitis often causes periapical tissue defects and ultimately leads to the loss of teeth if the inflammation is not promptly cleared to terminate bone resorption and destruction of gingival tissue. Acelular dermal matrix alograft and coraline hydroxyapatite are the common materials to repair periodontal injury. To evaluate clinical efficacy of acelular dermal matrix alograft combined with coraline hydroxyapatite in repairing periapical tissue defects. A total of 76 patients of chronic apical periodontitis were randomly divided into two groups, with 38 cases in each group. In the experimental group, periapical tissue defects were treated with acelular dermal matrix alograft and coraline hydroxyapatite. In the control group, tissue defects were not treated. Al the involved patients underwent apicectomy and retrograde filing. Clinical parameters and radiographic film were recorded at 1 week, 6 months and 3 years folow-up visits to evaluate the repairing effects. After 1 month of treatment, al acelular dermal matrix alografts survived, and the defect of gingival tissues that caused by repairing fistula had been healed. After 3 years, the repairing efficiency in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The bone defect disappeared in the experimental group at 6 months, the transmission of coraline hydroxyapatite particles was decreased, and there were some fuzzy images of compact density. This suggested that new bone was growing. The density of coraline hydroxyapatite particle got closed to normal bone tissue after 3 years, and there were transitional changes of density between coraline hydroxyapatite with normal bone. Coraline hydroxyapatite particle gradualy fused with alveolar bone. Acelular dermal matrix alograft and coraline hydroxyapatite have good biological compatibility. In repairing periapical tissue defects, the application of acelular dermal matrix alograft combined with coraline hydroxyapatite is effective in clinical practice.