A Comparative Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Piperacillin-Tazobactam versus Penicillin Combined with Ceftazidime in the Treatment of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis:A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
DENG Manqing
LI Kuan
LONG Qi
XIE Shouxia
Abstract：Objective To compare the treatment efficacy and safety of two anti-infective regimens for early-onset neonatal sepsis(EONS)based on real-world data.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 268 neonates diagnosed with EONS at Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from August 2022 to December 2023.The neonates were divided into the piperacillin-tazobactam(PT)group and the penicillin combined with ceftazidime(PC)group based on different treatment regimens.The treatment efficacy,length of hospital stay,duration of antibiotic use>5 days,and adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups.Multivariate regression analysis was used to correct for baseline imbalances.Results The total treatment efficacy rate of the PT group was 96.2%,which was higher than that of the PC group(90.2%).After adjusting for gestational age,mode of delivery,abnormal white blood cell count(WBC),premature rupture of membranes(PROM)>18 hours,and positive screening for Group B Streptococcus in pregnant mothers,the multivariate regression analysis showed that the adjusted clinical efficacy rate of the PT group was 2.4 times that of the PC group(OR=2.4,95%CI:0.78-7.34),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.125).Gestational age was a significant factor affecting the treatment efficacy(OR=4.9,95%CI:1.64-14.68,P=0.004).There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay>5 days(OR=1.09,95%CI:0.66-1.81,P=0.725)and the duration of antibiotic use>5 days(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.53-1.54,P=0.702)between the two groups.There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Piperacillin-tazobactam may have better clinical efficacy than penicillin combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of neonates≥35 weeks with EONS.Full-term infants have better clinical outcomes than preterm infants with EONS,and there is no increase in adverse reactions.
Keywords：Early-onset neonatal sepsisPiperacillin-tazobactamPenicillinCeftazidimeSingle-center retrospective cohort study
Publication Date：2025-12-15
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-05(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 41-45,后插4 )