Investigation and Analysis of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in Children in Licheng District

WEN Xiaolong; CHEN Qinghua; DONG Yulei

doi:10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893.2025.22.004

Abstract：Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in Licheng District from 2020 to 2024,to evaluate the prevention and control effect of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in this area,and to provide reliable basis for further optimizing the prevention and control strategies.Methods From 2020 to 2024,one primary school was randomly selected from each of the five districts(divided according to the east,west,south,north,and center directions)in Quanzhou Licheng District.At least 40 children aged 8 to 10 who were day students were selected from each school,totaling 1031 children as the research subjects.Random urine samples from all children were collected for urine iodine content detection,and salt samples from their homes were collected for salt iodine content detection to investigate the iodine nutritional status of the children.At the same time,thyroid B-ultrasound examinations were conducted to measure the thyroid volume of all children and assess the rate of goiter.Results The coverage rates of iodized salt in 2020,2021,2022,2023,and 2024 were 93.00%,93.27%,92.86%,95.65%,and 97.09%respectively;the qualified rates of iodized salt were 96.77%,96.39%,97.95%,98.48%,and 99.00%respectively;the rates of consumption of qualified iodized salt were 90.00%,89.90%,90.95%,94.20%,and 96.12%respectively;the rates of non-iodized salt were 7.00%,6.73%,7.14%,4.35%,and 2.91%respectively.The median urinary iodine(MUI)of children in Licheng District from 2020 to 2024 was 189.28 μg·L-1,among which 57.23%was adequate,5.53%was mild deficiency,12.90%was moderate deficiency,1.07%was severe deficiency,14.84%was above adequate,and 8.44%was excessive.A total of 28 cases of goiter occurred among 1031 children in the five years,with a total incidence rate of 2.72%.The incidence rates of goiter in different genders and different ages were similar(χ2=0.176,1.594,P=0.675,0.451).Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 to 10 in Licheng District is good,and the national elimination standard of IDD has been basically achieved.However,there are still a small number of children with insufficient iodine intake,and it is necessary to strengthen the market supervision of iodized salt supply and enhance the publicity and education on IDD for residents.