Study on the Correlation between Leptin Levels and Vascular Endothelial Injury in Patients with OSAHS Accompanied by ED and the Therapeutic Effect of CPAP

ZHENG Yanwen; WU Haiyan; HU Lihong; YU Xiuwen

doi:10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893.2025.10.004

Abstract：Objective To explore the correlation between leptin levels and vascular endothelial injury in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)with sexual dysfunction(ED)and the effect of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP).Methods A total of 99 patients with OSAHS admitted to The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District from December 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Among them,52 patients with ED were divided into the OSAHS complicated with ED group,47 patients without ED were divided into the OSAHS without ED group,and another 48 healthy individuals were selected as the control group.The basic data and laboratory indicators of the three groups were compared.The correlation between leptin levels and ED risk factors in the OSAHS complicated with ED group was analyzed by Pearson analysis.Then,CPAP was used to treat the OSAHS complicated with ED group,and related indicators before and after treatment were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,and years of education among the three groups(P>0.05).The body mass index(BMI),Epworth sleepiness scale(ESS)score,microarousal index,apnea-hypopnea index(AHI),the levels of nitric oxide synthase(NOS),endothelin-1(ET-1),prostacyclin(PGI2),thromboxane A2(TXA2),and leptin in the OSAHS complicated with ED group were higher than those in the control group,while the lowest blood oxygen saturation(LSaO2),International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)score,and nitric oxide(NO)level were lower than those in the control group.Moreover,the BMI,the levels of leptin,NOS,ET-1,PGI2,and TXA2 in the OSAHS complicated with ED group were higher than those in the OSAHS without ED group,and the IIEF-5 score and NO level were lower than those in the OSAHS without ED group.Meanwhile,the ESS score,microarousal index,and AHI in the OSAHS without ED group were higher than those in the control group,and the LSaO2 was lower than that in the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Through Pearson analysis,there was a significant correlation between leptin level and IIEF-5 score,NO,NOS,ET-1,PGI2,and TXA2 in the OSAHS complicated with ED group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3,6,and 12 months of treatment,the BMI,AHI,microarousal index,the levels of leptin,NOS,ET-1,PGI2,and TXA2 in the OSAHS complicated with ED group were lower than those before treatment,while the IIEF-5 score and NO level were higher than those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Obesity can aggravate vascular endothelial injury in patients with OSAHS complicated with ED,and CPAP treatment can improve sexual function,obesity,and vascular endothelial injury.