Comparison of the Clinical Efficacy of Metformin and Repaglinide in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

ZHANG Xiaoli; LIU Chuanna; KE Mengge; GAO Weina

doi:10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893.2025.08.002

Abstract：Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of metformin and repaglinide in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 92 patients with GDM admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects.According to different medications,they were divided into group A and group B,with 46 cases in each group.Patients in group A were treated with repaglinide,while those in group B were treated with metformin.The blood glucose levels,blood lipid levels,blood glucose attainment,body weight at delivery,serum inflammatory factors and oxidation reaction indicators,and the occurrence of adverse outcomes in patients and their fetuses were compared between the two groups of patients.Results After treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2h PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in group B were all lower than those in group A,while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in group B was higher than that in group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The time for patients in group B to reach the target blood glucose level was longer than that in group A,during delivery,the body weight of patients in group B was lighter than that in group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and malondialdehyde(MDA)in group B were all lower than those in group A,and the level of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)was higher than that in group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse outcomes in group B and its fetuses was lower than that in group A,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Both metformin and repaglinide can effectively reduce the levels of blood glucose of patients with GDM.Compared with repaglinide,metformin can more effectively improve the levels of lipid of patients simultaneously,enhance their anti-inflammatory ability,and help reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants.