Characteristic analysis of antinuclear antibody spectrum in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Zhang Sujie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7151.2025.03.010

Abstract：Objective To retrospectively analyze the distribution characteristics of antinuclear antibody spectrum(ANAs)in 231 cases of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus(pSLE).Methods The basic information and clinical data of 231 cases of pSLE diagnosed in Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were collected.There were 38 males and 193 females.According to age,the children were divided into 0-6 years old group(27 cases),7-11 years old group(76 cases)and 12-18 years old group(128 cases).Indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)was used to screen antinuclear antibodies(ANA),and Western blotting was used to detect ANAs and analyze the distribution characteristics in children of different gender and age groups.Results Among the 231 cases of pSLE,the highest detection rate of ANAs was anti-SSA(48.92%),while the lowest was anti-Jo-1(0.43%).The distribution of major ANAs varied between genders.In males,the top three antibodies with the highest detection rates were anti-nRNP/Sm(39.47%),anti-dsDNA and anti-SSA(both 34.21%).In females,the top three were anti-SSA(51.81%),anti-nRNP/Sm(43.52%)and anti-Ro52(41.97%).The detection rate of anti-CENP-B was significantly higher in males than that in females(10.53%vs.0.52%,P<0.05).Among single ANA-positive tests,the most common patterns were the detection of two or three antibodies simultaneously(both 53 cases,accounting for 22.94%).Among the 231 cases of pSLE,the distribution of major ANAs differed across age groups.Conclusion The distribution of ANAs in 231 cases of pSLE mainly featured anti-SSA,anti-nRNP/Sm and anti-Ro52,showing variations by gender and age.