Effect of combination of insulin degludec and insulin aspart and acarbose tablets on glucose and lipid metabolism indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

An Yanlin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7151.2025.03.009

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of combination of insulin degludec and insulin aspart and acarbose tablets on indicators related to glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Methods The 72 cases of T2DM patients admitted to Tongzi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2023 to December 2024 were selected as study subjects and divided into control group(36 cases;treated with acarbose tablets)and observation group(36 cases;combined with insulin degludec and insulin aspart on basis of control group)according to different treatment regimens.The clinical efficacies of two groups were compared.The automated biochemical analyzer was used to measure blood glucose and lipid indicators.The hexokinase method was adopted to examine fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2-hour postprandial glucose(2hPG).Total cholesterol(TC)and triacylglycerol(TG)were detected with oxidase method,while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were measured through direct detection.Glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)was analyzed using an automated glycated hemoglobin analyzer via high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Body fat indicators including body mass index(BMI)and visceral adiposity index(VAI)were calculated,and the adverse reactions were recorded.Results After treatment,a comparison of the total effective rates between two groups showed that the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(94.44%vs.77.78%,P<0.05),and observation group had lower FPG,HbA1c,2hPG,TC,TG and LDL-C,higher HDL-C,and smaller BMI and VAI than control group[FPG(mmol/L):6.91±0.89 vs.8.06±1.24;HbA1c:0.069±0.007 vs.0.082±0.013;2hPG(mmol/L):7.54±1.04 vs.9.25±1.20;TC(mmol/L):3.81±0.75 vs.4.79±1.38;TG(mmol/L):0.94±0.27 vs.1.32±0.53;LDL-C(mmol/L):1.77±0.39 vs.2.14±0.49;HDL-C(mmol/L):5.84±0.55 vs.5.55±0.51;BMI(kg/m2):23.27±2.08 vs.25.86±2.12;VAI:3.03±0.64 vs.3.41±0.79;all P<0.05].The comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in observation group and control group expressed no difference(22.22%vs.13.89%,P>0.05).Conclusion The synergistic administration of insulin degludec and insulin aspart and acarbose tablets is beneficial to the decrease of blood glucose and lipid indicators in patients with T2DM,maintaining endocrine stability,and has high safety.