Application value of microcolumn gel antiglobulin method and polyamine method in detection of antibodies before blood transfusion in clinical blood transfusion

Yang Wei; Zhang Ling; Liu Xiaoyi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7151.2024.04.020

Abstract：Objective To explore the application value of microcolumn gel antiglobulin method and polyamine method in the detection of antibodies before blood transfusion in clinical blood transfusion.Methods The 425 patients who were admitted to the 73rd Army Hospital of the PLA from January 2023 to May 2024 and needed clinical blood transfusion were selected as research objects.All of them were examined using microcolumn gel antiglobulin method and polyamine method,and irregular antibodies were detected using microcolumn gel antiglobulin method in patients with cross matching incompatibility.The test results and blood matching time of two examination methods were compared,the reasons for cross matching incompatibility between the two examination methods were recorded and analyzed,and the irregular antibody detection results of the two examination methods were compared.Results The main positive rate,secondary positive rate and total positive rate of microcolumn gel antiglobulin method were significantly higher than those of polyamine method[main positive rate:2.59%(11/425)vs.0.71%(3/425);secondary positive rate:4.24%(18/425)vs.0.94%(4/425);total positive rate:6.82%(29/425)vs.1.65%(7/425);all P<0.05].There was no significant difference in the false positive rate between microcolumn gel antiglobulin method and polyamine method[0.24%(1/425)vs.0.94%(4/425),P>0.05].The blood matching time using microcolumn gel antiglobulin method was significantly longer than that using polyamine method(minutes:33.25±5.01 vs.12.01±3.65,P<0.05).The main positive rate,secondary positive rate and total positive rate of irregular antibodies by microcolumn gel antiglobulin method were higher than those by polyamine method,but there were no statistical differences[main positive rate:90.91%(10/11)vs.33.33%(1/3);secondary positive rate:55.56%(10/18)vs.25.00%(1/4);total positive rate:68.97%(20/29)vs.28.57%(2/7);all P>0.05].The 29 cases of blood matching incompatibility detected by microcolumn gel antiglobulin method included 18 cases of blood diseases(62.07%),2 cases of kidney disease(6.90%),2 cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia(6.90%),2 cases of pregnant women(6.90%)and 5 cases of blood transfusion history(17.24%).Among the 7 cases of mismatched blood detected by polyamine method,there was 1 case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia(14.29%),4 cases of hematological diseases(57.14%),1 case of pregnant woman(14.29%)and 1 case of previous blood transfusion history(14.29%).Conclusions The microcolumn gel antiglobulin method and polyamine method have their own advantages and disadvantages.The former has high sensitivity and reliable results,while the latter has short blood matching time,and the two methods could be used together when necessary,providing reliable reference for clinical blood transfusion.