Epidemic characteristics and drug resistance analysis of bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in children

Chen Mengjia; Liu Bin; Liu Huicheng; Wang Lu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-7151.2023.04.017

Abstract：Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of bacteria in children with lower respiratory tract infection,and to provide reference for clinical empirical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The bacterial detection(excluding Mycoplasma pneumoniae),seasonal variation patterns,age distribution,and antibiotic resistance analysis of key bacteria in children with respiratory infection at the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University from January 1,2019 to December 31,2021 were reviewed and analyzed.Results A total of 2 267 strains of bacteria were detected,including 1 133 strains of Gram positive(G+)bacteria(accounting for 50.0%),1 114 strains of Gram negative(G-)bacteria(accounting for 49.1%),and 20 strains of fungi(accounting for 0.9%).The top five bacteria in the detectable rate were 759 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,450 strains of Haemophilus influenzae,352 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,232 strains of Moraxella catalae and 136 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Bacterial infection was mainly prevalent in winter and spring,and was more common in infants and young children.Bacterial drug resistance monitoring showed that the resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to Penicillin was 0.4%,the detectable rate of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was 20.9%,the detectable rate of extended spectrum β-lactamases(ESBL)producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was 36.0%,the detectable rates of β-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella cataratha were 60.1%and 99.3%,respectively.Conclusions The antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection of children is on the rise in the bacterial pathogens isolated from children,and the bacterial infection is mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.Winter and spring are the high incidence periods,and 0-3 years old children were the high incidence group.The above characteristics should be paid special attention to in family nursing,clinical diagnosis and treatment.