Efficacy of 3D Printed Surgical Guides in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Adult Patients with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Zhu Haotian; Cheng Kai; Yan Han; Zhang Yadi; Fan Shaoxing; Liu Kang; Wang Yuning; Ding Huanwen

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D printed surgical guides in total hip arthroplasty(THA)for adult patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 26 DDH patients who underwent THA at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between October 2020 and March 2023.Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of a 3D printed surgical guide:the guide group[13 cases,9 males,4 females,age 23～84 years,mean(53.92±19.15)years]and the conventional group[13 cases,4 males,9 females,age 31～72 years,mean(51.38±13.76)years].The outcomes compared between the two groups included surgical time,blood loss,preoperative and postoperative central edge angle(CEA),the difference between the postoperative acetabular cup inclination angle and the design value of 40 °,the difference between the anteversion angle and the design value of 20 °,vertical center of rotation(V-COR),and horizontal center of rotation(H-COR).Postoperative Harris scores were also recorded at 1,3,and 6 months to assess the postoperative functional outcome.Results All patients were followed up for 6～24 months[mean follow-up:conventional group(11.54±2.73)months,guide group(13.23±3.49)months].After excluding the statistical effects of irrelevant factors such as gender,age,hip deformity side,Crowe classification,follow-up duration,and preoperative Harris scores,no significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of preoperative and postoperative CEA and the first-month postoperative Harris score(P＞0.05).However,significant differences were observed between the two groups in surgical time,blood loss,acetabular cup anteversion and inclination angle deviations from the design values,V-COR,H-COR,and Harris scores at 3 and 6 months postoperative(P＜0.05).Conclusion The use of 3D printed surgical guides significantly shortens the surgical time,reduces blood loss,and improves the accuracy of acetabular component placement in THA for adult DDH patients.This technique is an effective adjunctive tool that contributes to better postoperative outcomes.