Comparative Study on the Wound Healing of Diabetic Rats after Perioperative Period and Long-term Blood Glucose Control

Abstract：Objective To observe the serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and local macrophage infiltration degree and number of fibroblast in diabetic rats during wound healing and, discuss whether long-term blood sugar control can obviously improve the wound healing of diabetic rats.Methods a) Wound models of diabetic mice were divided into 4 groups.Including B:Preoperative blood glucose control 1 day, C:Preoperative blood glucose control 3 days, D:preoperative blood glucose control 7 days, E:preoperative blood glucose control 1 month.The normal rats were group A, which used the same procedure to produce the same size of wound as the control group.On the 1 st day, 3 th day, 7 th day and 14 th day after the surgery (3 rats each time), we collected the heart blood and wound tissue.ELISA was used to detect serum level of TNF-α, IL-6, and immunohistochemistry was used to observe the macrophages and the number of fibroblasts.b) Intermediate-acting insulin was used to lower blood glucose levels before and after the modeling.Results a) Compared with the control group, there was a delay in the wound healing of the experimental diabetes group.In the early stage after surgery, the number of local macrophages in the control blood glucose groups (B、C、D) were significantly lower in the perioperative period (P＜0.05), but the macrophages in the later stage were significantly increased (P＜0.05).b) Compared with group B、C、D, it was found that group E could significantly improve wound healing.c) Compared with A, the level of TNF-αand the IL-6 was higher in experimental groups, but with the extension of preoperative blood glucose control, in early and middle stage of wound healing, TNF-αand the IL-6 of E were lower compared with B、C group, but higher compared with A (P＜0.05).Conclusion In the process of wound healing, diabetic rats are prone to delayed inflammatory response and are not easy to subside.Preoperative longterm control of blood glucose can further improve the rate of wound healing, but compared with normal rats, there is still a risk of non healing wounds.