Cannulated Compression Screws for the Treatment of Adult Femoral Neck Fractures Clinical Analy-sis of Risk Factors for Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

GU Xiao-ming; HUANG Li-xin

Abstract：Objective To explore the related factors femoral head necrosis after the operation on adult femoral neck frac-tures by compressed hollow screws fixation. Methods The author reviewed the patients who were treated by compressed hol-low screws fixation from January 1st,2001 to December 31st,2010 and then made a statistical analysis on the following eight factors:age,gender,fracture type(Garden type),surgical reduction quality(Garden index),the time gap between injury and the operation,reset mode( open reduction or close reduction),the partial weight-bearing time after the operation,whether the fixation is removed. Among these eight factors,the statistically significant factors were selected and then analyzed by logistic re-gression analysis one by one. Results There are 185 cases with a complete set of follow-up data and the follow-up lasts from three to ten years(the average duration is 5. 5 years). Among the 185 cases,28 patients suffered from femoral head ischemic necrosis,which accounts for 15. 14% and the independent factors influencing femoral head necrosis included the following:fracture type,fracture reduction,the time gap between injury and the operation,the partial weight-bearing time after the opera-tion. Conclusion The major complication of femoral neck fractures operation by compressed hollow screws fixation is femoral head ischemic necrosis and the major risk factors are fracture type,fracture reduction,the time gap between injury and the op-eration and the partial weight-bearing time after the operation. Among those factors,reduction quality,the time gap between in-jury and the operation and the partial weight-bearing time after the operation are controlling factors and it is found that femoral head ischemic necrosis can be lowered down when the patient receives compressed hollow screws fixation at an earlier time,im-proves reduction quality and tries to bear partial weight after three months'fixation. The present data shows that compressed hol-low screws fixation is a satisfying treatment of femoral neck fractures as it brings a low rate of femoral head necrosis and the op-eration is easy to carry out since it has a low requirement on technology and produces less trauma. For those senior femoral neck fracture patients who have good body condition,longer life expectancy and no bone displacement or only slight bone dis-placement,or for those young femoral neck fractures patients,compressed hollow screws fixation is their top priority.