Analysis of specific IgE distribution characteristics in patients with allergic diseases

ZHAO Xin; YE Ruiqi; QIANG Xueqin; YANG Yujie

Abstract：Objective:The core of this study is the analysis of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)levels in patients with allergic diseases,aiming to provide epidemiological basis for the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of al-lergic diseases.Methods:The study adopted a retrospective design,utilizing the Tecan Diagnostics TECAN fully auto-matic protein blotting instrument and the HAOBO sIgE antibody detection kit.It conducted quantitative testing of total immunoglobulin E(IgE)and sIgE in 3 260 patients with allergic symptoms who were treated at Chengdu Seventh Peo-ple's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021.Results:As age increases,the positive rate of total IgE shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.There are significant differences in the positive rate of total IgE between males and females in the infant,childhood,and young adult age groups(P＜0.05).The highest positive rate of total IgE in males is seen in young adulthood(19～＜35 years)(66.87％);while in females,it is highest in childhood(5～＜12 years)(71.96％).Dust mites/flour mites,house dust,and cat hair dander/dog hair dander are common inhalant aller-gens,while milk,beef/lamb,and egg white/yolk are common ingested allergens.Among different age groups,except for infants(＜1 year old),the positive rate of inhalant allergens is generally higher than that of ingested allergens.In gen-der comparison,there is no significant difference in the positive rate of inhalant allergens between genders(P＞0.05),while the positive rate of ingested allergens(mango/pineapple/apple/peach/strawberry)is significantly higher in fe-males than in males(P＜0.05).A higher proportion of patients have low to moderate allergy grades,and the proportion of patients decreases as the allergy grade increases.Analysis of the number of allergens sensitized shows that most pa-tients have a positive reaction to one or two allergens.Conclusion:There are differences in the distribution of allergen-specific IgE among patients with allergic diseases across different genders and age groups.Allergen testing can provide a basis for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of allergic diseases,facilitating more precise individualized medical care.